Clinical trial refers to a set of processes in medical research and drug development where safety, adverse drug and treatment reaction information and efficacy data are to the gathered for the purpose of health interventions. Clinical trials are performed only after adequate information is collected and health authority approval is granted.
The trials are performed in four phases. Phase I trials determine dosing, document containing metabolization process of a drug and recognizing side effects. Phase II trials collect pertinent safety data and proof of drug efficacy.
Phase III trials tests product efficacy on a larger number of participants additionally and checks for side effects. Finally, Phase IV trials are performed post approval of product and on the market to determine treatment’s long term risks and implications.